2025-06-27
AI for Software Development
Spec2RTL-Agent: Automated Hardware Code Generation from Complex Specifications Using LLM Agent Systems
Relevance: This paper presents Spec2RTL-Agent, an LLM agent system designed to automate hardware RTL code generation from complex specifications. It features a multi-agent framework for reasoning, planning, and refining code, significantly reducing human intervention. This directly contributes to AI for software development by automating a highly specialized and complex coding task, moving beyond simple code generation towards comprehensive, agent-driven engineering workflows and highlighting the role of AI in increasingly autonomous software development lifecycles.
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Use Property-Based Testing to Bridge LLM Code Generation and Validation
Relevance: This paper tackles the critical challenge of ensuring functional correctness in LLM-generated code. It introduces Property-Generated Solver, a novel framework that leverages Property-Based Testing (PBT) to validate high-level program properties, rather than relying on specific examples. The system uses collaborative LLM-based ‘Generator’ and ‘Tester’ agents to provide semantically rich feedback for iterative code refinement, establishing a robust mechanism for steering LLMs toward more correct and generalizable code, essential for practical AI in software development.
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The Debugging Decay Index: Rethinking Debugging Strategies for Code LLMs
Relevance: This work addresses a fundamental limitation in AI debugging: the rapid decay of debugging capability in code LLMs after a few attempts. It introduces the Debugging Decay Index (DDI), a mathematical framework to quantify this decay and predict optimal intervention points. By proposing a ‘strategic fresh start’ approach, the paper provides a quantitative framework for optimizing iterative code generation and debugging strategies, crucial for building reliable and practical AI tools that assist human developers in the complex task of debugging.
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AI Agents
MATE: LLM-Powered Multi-Agent Translation Environment for Accessibility Applications
Relevance: MATE is an LLM-powered multi-agent system (MAS) designed to enhance accessibility by performing modality conversions (e.g., image to audio description) based on user needs. Its focus on supporting individuals with disabilities, customizable open-source design, and local execution for privacy directly aligns with HCI principles for designing user-centric, empathetic AI agents. This paper showcases the practical application of AI agents to address real-world human needs, emphasizing adaptability and user-centric design in autonomous systems.
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JarvisArt: Liberating Human Artistic Creativity via an Intelligent Photo Retouching Agent
Relevance: JarvisArt introduces an intelligent multi-modal LLM-driven agent that assists human artists in photo retouching by understanding user intent and mimicking professional workflows in tools like Adobe Lightroom. This agent exemplifies human-AI collaboration, focusing on user-friendly interaction, fine-grained control, and the liberation of human creativity. The system’s use of Chain-of-Thought reasoning and a novel RL-based training process for decision-making highlights how sophisticated AI agents can empower users in creative domains.
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Mem4Nav: Boosting Vision-and-Language Navigation in Urban Environments with a Hierarchical Spatial-Cognition Long-Short Memory System
Relevance: This paper proposes Mem4Nav, a hierarchical memory system designed to improve embodied AI agents’ vision-and-language navigation in complex urban environments. By fusing sparse octrees for fine-grained indexing and semantic topology graphs for high-level landmark connectivity, Mem4Nav enables agents to recall relevant experiences and perform real-time planning. This research directly advances the cognitive capabilities of AI agents, making them more robust and capable of interacting with and navigating complex, human-centric environments.
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LLM Evaluation Methods
Quantifying Fairness in LLMs Beyond Tokens: A Semantic and Statistical Perspective
Relevance: This paper introduces FiSCo, a novel statistical framework for evaluating group-level fairness in LLMs, particularly for long-form responses. Moving beyond token-level or sentiment analysis, FiSCo assesses semantic differences at the claim level, leveraging entailment checks to capture nuanced biases and reduce the impact of stochastic variability. This work is highly relevant to HCI evaluation by providing a robust, human-centric method for identifying subtle ethical biases, crucial for building trustworthy and equitable AI systems that users can rely on.
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Can Large Language Models Capture Human Annotator Disagreements?
Relevance: This research systematically evaluates whether LLMs can capture human annotation variation and disagreement, challenging the common practice of relying on majority-voted ‘ground truth’ labels. It highlights that LLMs struggle with modeling these disagreements, which often reflect important information like task subjectivity or sample ambiguity. From an HCI perspective, this paper is critical for understanding the limitations of LLMs in nuanced annotation tasks and emphasizes the need for evaluation methods that account for the inherent variability and subjectivity in human judgment.
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3D Arena: An Open Platform for Generative 3D Evaluation
Relevance: This paper introduces 3D Arena, an open platform for evaluating generative 3D models with a strong emphasis on human perception and preference. By collecting large-scale human pairwise comparisons and providing an ELO-based ranking, it addresses the misalignment between automated metrics and human quality perception. This platform is highly relevant to HCI for LLM evaluation as it establishes a robust, community-driven framework for human-centered assessment of generative AI outputs, offering insights and recommendations for multi-criteria and task-oriented evaluations.
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Reinforcement Learning
KnowRL: Exploring Knowledgeable Reinforcement Learning for Factuality
Relevance: This paper introduces KnowRL, a Knowledge-enhanced Reinforcement Learning framework aimed at mitigating hallucination in LLMs. By integrating a factuality reward based on knowledge verification into the RL training process, KnowRL guides models to perform fact-based slow thinking and recognize their knowledge boundaries. This approach is highly relevant to HCI as it directly addresses a critical challenge for user trust and reliability in AI, ensuring models generate more factual and trustworthy content, which is essential for human-AI interaction.
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GRPO-CARE: Consistency-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Reasoning
Relevance: This work introduces GRPO-CARE, a consistency-aware Reinforcement Learning framework for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). It optimizes both answer correctness and, crucially, the logical coherence between reasoning steps and answers, addressing a common issue with standard RL approaches. From an HCI perspective, enhancing consistency in Chain-of-Thought reasoning makes MLLM outputs more interpretable and trustworthy, fostering better human understanding of AI decision-making, especially in complex multimodal scenarios.
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RePIC: Reinforced Post-Training for Personalizing Multi-Modal Language Models
Relevance: This paper presents RePIC, a novel reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training framework for personalizing Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), specifically for image captioning. It addresses the struggle of MLLMs to generate personalized and faithful descriptions, especially for multi-concept images, where supervised fine-tuning often falls short due to data limitations. This RL approach significantly enhances personalized generation capabilities, directly impacting user experience by enabling MLLMs to produce more tailored and relevant content.
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Explainable AI
Thought Anchors: Which LLM Reasoning Steps Matter?
Relevance: This paper addresses the interpretability challenges of long-form Chain-of-Thought reasoning in LLMs. It introduces three complementary attribution methods for sentence-level analysis, identifying ‘thought anchors’—reasoning steps with outsized importance. By providing an open-source tool for visualization and demonstrating converging patterns across methods, this work offers a deeper understanding of how reasoning models operate. This directly contributes to Explainable AI by making complex LLM decision processes more transparent and comprehensible to users and developers.
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GEMeX-ThinkVG: Towards Thinking with Visual Grounding in Medical VQA via Reinforcement Learning
Relevance: This work introduces a ‘Thinking with Visual Grounding’ (ThinkVG) dataset and a verifiable reward mechanism for reinforcement learning, aiming to improve interpretability and answer reliability in Medical Visual Question Answering (VQA). By decomposing answer generation into intermediate reasoning steps that explicitly ground relevant visual regions, it provides fine-grained explainability. This directly addresses HCI concerns in high-stakes domains by making AI decisions more transparent, understandable, and trustworthy for clinicians and patients.
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GRPO-CARE: Consistency-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Reasoning
Relevance: This paper introduces GRPO-CARE, a consistency-aware Reinforcement Learning framework for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). It improves the logical coherence and consistency between reasoning steps and final answers in Chain-of-Thought processes. By promoting more consistent internal reasoning, this framework directly enhances the interpretability of MLLMs. This is crucial for Explainable AI, as it allows users to better understand the rationale behind multimodal model outputs, increasing trust and facilitating effective human-AI collaboration.
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